{"id":3003,"date":"2020-12-08T18:33:00","date_gmt":"2020-12-08T17:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.svetkamene.eu\/?p=3003"},"modified":"2021-10-05T19:08:36","modified_gmt":"2021-10-05T17:08:36","slug":"kde-se-vzal-macadam-1-cast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/svetkamene.eu\/index.php\/cs\/2020\/12\/08\/kde-se-vzal-macadam-1-cast\/","title":{"rendered":"Kde se vzal macadam? \u2013 1.&nbsp;\u010d\u00e1st"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Stezky, p\u011b\u0161iny, cesty, silnice, d\u00e1lnice, \u017eeleznice tzv.&nbsp;pozemn\u00ed komunikace jsou &#8222;Tepny pr\u016fmyslu&#8220;, bez kter\u00fdch se neobejdeme.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:45px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160t\u011brk, kamenn\u00e9 drt\u011b, zkr\u00e1cen\u011b kamenivo je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobek z&nbsp;kamene. P\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b ve stavebn\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu a&nbsp;sou\u010dasn\u00fd sv\u011bt si bez n\u011bho ani nedovedeme p\u0159edstavit. Jeho v\u00fdroba je v&nbsp;sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b samostatn\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed s&nbsp;vysp\u011bl\u00fdmi technologiemi. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 doba klade na v\u00fdrobce kameniva vysok\u00e9 po\u017eadavky a&nbsp;to jak na kvalitu kamene, tak i&nbsp;na jeho \u010distotu zrnitosti. Tento obor je rovn\u011b\u017e spojen jak se stroj\u00edrensk\u00fdm, tak hutn\u00edm a&nbsp;chemick\u00fdm pr\u016fmyslem a&nbsp;nab\u00edz\u00ed tak\u00e9 mnoho zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:47px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4>Trochu historie &#8211; \u0158\u00edman\u00e9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Nahl\u00e9dneme trochu do historie. Ot\u00e1zkou je, zda byl \u0161t\u011brk v&nbsp;minulosti p\u0159i&nbsp;oprav\u00e1ch tehdej\u0161\u00edch komunikac\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n? Ur\u010dit\u011b ano, ale bylo to tak \u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc &#8222;Co bylo zrovna po&nbsp;ruce&#8220;. Z\u0159ejm\u011b byl v&nbsp;hojn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n p\u00edsek a&nbsp;nebo \u0161t\u011brk, kter\u00e9 vznikly p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm zv\u011btr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm hornin. Nejednalo se tedy o&nbsp;c\u00edlenou v\u00fdrobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O d\u016fle\u017eitosti vytv\u00e1\u0159et nov\u00e9, kvalitn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b a&nbsp;udr\u017eovat je v&nbsp;n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00e9m po\u0159\u00e1dku, n\u00e1s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dila \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. M\u011bla vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na jejich v\u00fdstavbu a&nbsp;\u00fadr\u017ebu, nebo\u0165 cesty m\u011bly vojensk\u00fd a&nbsp;strategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"http:\/\/www.lomyatezba.cz\/images\/cislo\/2017-3\/makadam\/01.jpg\" alt=\"01\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 jako prvn\u00ed stanovili pevn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady a&nbsp;po\u017eadavky na stavbu cest a&nbsp;jejich pravidelnou \u00fadr\u017ebu, kter\u00e9 ve sv\u00e9 podstat\u011b plat\u00ed dodnes. Hlavn\u011b byl kladen velk\u00fd d\u016fraz na pevn\u00fd a&nbsp;stabiln\u00ed podklad s&nbsp;uzav\u0159en\u00fdm povrchem. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 cesta byla m\u00edrn\u011b vydut\u00e1 a&nbsp;po&nbsp;obou kraj\u00edch m\u011bla malou strouhu pro odvod vody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"http:\/\/www.lomyatezba.cz\/images\/cislo\/2017-3\/makadam\/02.png\" alt=\"02\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Pou\u017eilo se v\u0161e, co bylo na dosah. I&nbsp;na tehdej\u0161\u00ed otrok\u00e1\u0159skou spole\u010dnost to byl cenov\u011b a&nbsp;\u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u00fd stavebn\u00ed postup, ale vyplatil se. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z&nbsp;\u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch cest jsou st\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny. Na v\u00fdstavb\u011b komunikac\u00ed se pod\u00edlela v\u00fdhdradn\u011b arm\u00e1da. Ka\u017ed\u00fd voj\u00e1k byl vycvi\u010den k&nbsp;z\u00e1kladn\u00edm stavebn\u00edm \u010dinnostem a&nbsp;sou\u010d\u00e1st jeho vojensk\u00e9 v\u00fdstroje byl i&nbsp;mal\u00fd r\u00fd\u010d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>St\u0159edov\u011bk do v\u00fdstavby komunikac\u00ed nijak z\u00e1sadn\u011b nezas\u00e1hl. U\u017e\u00edval d\u00e1l, co z\u016fstalo po&nbsp;\u0158\u00edmanech a&nbsp;pokud se objevila n\u011bjak\u00e1 nov\u00e1 cesta, byla v\u011btsinou pra\u0161n\u00e1, vybudovan\u00e1 na p\u016fdn\u00edm z\u00e1klad\u011b bez zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pravideln\u00e9 \u00fadr\u017eby. Nebylo by ale spravedliv\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di st\u0159edov\u011bku, nezm\u00ednit, \u017ee se v&nbsp;15.stolet\u00ed objevily prvn\u00ed \u0161t\u011btovan\u00e9 cesty. Pro velk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady v\u0161ak tento dokolal\u00fd zp\u016fsob stavby cest nedos\u00e1hl \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho upot\u0159eben\u00ed v&nbsp;\u017eivot\u011b tehdej\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Zdroj: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lomyatezba.cz\">www.lomyatezba.cz<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stezky, p\u011b\u0161iny, cesty, silnice, d\u00e1lnice, \u017eeleznice tzv.&nbsp;pozemn\u00ed komunikace jsou &#8222;Tepny pr\u016fmyslu&#8220;, bez kter\u00fdch se neobejdeme&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":3004,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[364],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kde se vzal macadam? \u2013 1. \u010d\u00e1st - Sv\u011bt Kamene<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"St\u0159edov\u011bk do v\u00fdstavby komunikac\u00ed nijak z\u00e1sadn\u011b nezas\u00e1hl. 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