{"id":12648,"date":"2022-06-24T12:49:01","date_gmt":"2022-06-24T10:49:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/svetkamene.eu\/?p=12648"},"modified":"2022-06-30T23:13:16","modified_gmt":"2022-06-30T21:13:16","slug":"jak-sie-bada-kamien-czesc-4-gestosc-i-porowatosc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/svetkamene.eu\/index.php\/pl\/2022\/06\/24\/jak-sie-bada-kamien-czesc-4-gestosc-i-porowatosc-2\/","title":{"rendered":"JAK SI\u0118 BADA KAMIE\u0143? CZ\u0118\u015a\u0106 4 – G\u0118STO\u015a\u0106 I POROWATO\u015a\u0106"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 i porowato\u015b\u0107 ca\u0142kowita<\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Badanie to wykonuje si\u0119 co 10 lat. Norma zak\u0142ada mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 badania dwoma metodami: metoda A (piknometr) i metoda B (obj\u0119to\u015bciomierz Le Chateliera). Pierwsza metoda jest dok\u0142adniejsza, dlatego cz\u0119\u015bciej jest stosowana i ona zostanie opisana poni\u017cej.<\/span>
\n<\/span>Pr\u00f3bki z wykonanego wcze\u015bniej badania g\u0119sto\u015bci obj\u0119to\u015bciowej i porowato\u015bci otwartej rozdrobnia si\u0119 oddzielnie do uzyskania wielko\u015bci, kt\u00f3ra pozwoli na przej\u015bcie py\u0142u przez sito o wielko\u015bci oczka 0,063 mm. Nast\u0119pnie wysuszy si\u0119 do sta\u0142ej masy i oddziela oko\u0142o 10 g sproszkowanego kamienia (m<\/span>e<\/span>).<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Do piknometru wlewa si\u0119 zdejonizowan\u0105 wod\u0119 do po\u0142owy pojemno\u015bci. Nast\u0119pnie wsypuje si\u0119 odwa\u017cony py\u0142 kamienny i miesza go z wod\u0105 w celu rozproszenia go w cieczy. Piknometr poddaje si\u0119 pr\u00f3\u017cni (2 kPa) do momentu, a\u017c nie b\u0119d\u0105 powstawa\u0142y p\u0119cherzyki powietrza. Nast\u0119pnie nape\u0142nia si\u0119 piknometr wod\u0105 i pozostawia, a\u017c kamienny py\u0142 osi\u0105dzie na dnie, a woda nad pr\u00f3bk\u0105 b\u0119dzie przezroczysta. Ostro\u017cnie dolewa si\u0119 wody, zatka piknometr korkiem i osusza z zewn\u0105trz (wyciera) \u2013 ca\u0142o\u015b\u0107 wa\u017cy i zapisuje wynik jako m<\/span>1<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kolejnym etapem jest opr\u00f3\u017cnienie i wyczyszczenie piknometru, kt\u00f3ry zostanie wype\u0142niony zdejonizowan\u0105 wod\u0105. Pod zatkaniu korkiem i wytarciu ponownie wa\u017cy si\u0119 piknometr i zapisuje wynik jako m . Nast\u0119pnie dokonuje si\u0119 oblicze\u0144 2 za pomoc\u0105 poni\u017cszych wzor\u00f3w.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

G\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 wyra\u017cona jest wzorem:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Porowato\u015b\u0107 ca\u0142kowita wyra\u017cona jest wzorem:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

W ten spos\u00f3b wyznaczone zosta\u0142y podstawowe w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci ska\u0142 \u2013 g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 i porowato\u015b\u0107. Poznanie g\u0119sto\u015bci materia\u0142u ma znaczenie przy pracach konstrukcyjnych. Projektant musi zna\u0107 ci\u0119\u017car elementu dla zaprojektowania konstrukcji o takiej no\u015bno\u015bci, aby mog\u0142a ona ten element utrzyma\u0107. Powtarzaj\u0105c badania danego materia\u0142u wyniki tych bada\u0144 powinny by\u0107 do siebie podobne. Je\u017celi w kolejnych badaniach wyst\u0119puj\u0105 zmiany g\u0119sto\u015bci obj\u0119to\u015bciowej kamienia naturalnego, to mog\u0105 one \u015bwiadczy\u0107 o zmianach w sk\u0142adzie mineralnym dostarczonego do bada\u0144 surowca skalnego. Du\u017ca porowato\u015b\u0107 mo\u017ce te\u017c mie\u0107 wp\u0142yw na inne w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci materia\u0142u. Nie zawsze jest to zale\u017cno\u015b\u0107 bezpo\u015brednia, ale mo\u017cna si\u0119 spodziewa\u0107 wp\u0142ywu na nasi\u0105kliwo\u015b\u0107, mrozoodporno\u015b\u0107 i odporno\u015b\u0107 na szok termiczny. Czyli te parametry, kt\u00f3re \u015bwiadcz\u0105 o trwa\u0142o\u015b\u0107 materia\u0142u w zmiennych warunkach u\u017cytkowania.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zr\u00f3d\u0142o: Kurier kamieniarski<\/a><\/p>\n

Autor: Micha\u0142 Firlej   |   Data: wtorek, 25 sierpnia 2015<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 i porowato\u015b\u0107 ca\u0142kowita   Badanie to wykonuje si\u0119 co 10 lat. Norma zak\u0142ada mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 badania…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":9544,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[349],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nJAK SI\u0118 BADA KAMIE\u0143? CZ\u0118\u015a\u0106 4 - G\u0118STO\u015a\u0106 I POROWATO\u015a\u0106 - Sv\u011bt Kamene<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Celkov\u00e1 hustota a p\u00f3rovitost se prov\u00e1d\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fdch 10 let. 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