{"id":10528,"date":"2022-06-24T12:49:01","date_gmt":"2022-06-24T10:49:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/svetkamene.eu\/?p=10528"},"modified":"2022-06-27T21:01:46","modified_gmt":"2022-06-27T19:01:46","slug":"jak-sie-bada-kamien-czesc-4-gestosc-i-porowatosc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/svetkamene.eu\/index.php\/pl\/2022\/06\/24\/jak-sie-bada-kamien-czesc-4-gestosc-i-porowatosc\/","title":{"rendered":"JAK SI\u0118 BADA KAMIE\u0143? CZ\u0118\u015a\u0106 4 – G\u0118STO\u015a\u0106 I POROWATO\u015a\u0106"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 i porowato\u015b\u0107 ca\u0142kowita<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Badanie to wykonuje si\u0119 co 10 lat. Norma zak\u0142ada mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 badania dwoma metodami: metoda A (piknometr) i metoda B (obj\u0119to\u015bciomierz Le Chateliera). Pierwsza metoda jest dok\u0142adniejsza, dlatego cz\u0119\u015bciej jest stosowana i ona zostanie opisana poni\u017cej.
\nPr\u00f3bki z wykonanego wcze\u015bniej badania g\u0119sto\u015bci obj\u0119to\u015bciowej i porowato\u015bci otwartej rozdrobnia si\u0119 oddzielnie do uzyskania wielko\u015bci, kt\u00f3ra pozwoli na przej\u015bcie py\u0142u przez sito o wielko\u015bci oczka 0,063 mm. Nast\u0119pnie wysuszy si\u0119 do sta\u0142ej masy i oddziela oko\u0142o 10 g sproszkowanego kamienia (me<\/sub>).<\/p>\n

Do piknometru wlewa si\u0119 zdejonizowan\u0105 wod\u0119\u00a0do po\u0142owy pojemno\u015bci. Nast\u0119pnie wsypuje si\u0119 odwa\u017cony py\u0142 kamienny i miesza go z wod\u0105 w celu rozproszenia go w cieczy. Piknometr poddaje si\u0119 pr\u00f3\u017cni (2 kPa) do momentu, a\u017c nie b\u0119d\u0105 powstawa\u0142y p\u0119cherzyki powietrza. Nast\u0119pnie nape\u0142nia si\u0119 piknometr wod\u0105 i pozostawia, a\u017c kamienny py\u0142 osi\u0105dzie na dnie, a woda nad pr\u00f3bk\u0105 b\u0119dzie przezroczysta. Ostro\u017cnie dolewa si\u0119 wody, zatka piknometr korkiem i osusza z zewn\u0105trz (wyciera) \u2013 ca\u0142o\u015b\u0107 wa\u017cy i zapisuje wynik jako m1<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

Kolejnym etapem jest opr\u00f3\u017cnienie i wyczyszczenie\u00a0piknometru, kt\u00f3ry zostanie wype\u0142niony\u00a0zdejonizowan\u0105 wod\u0105. Pod zatkaniu korkiem\u00a0i wytarciu ponownie wa\u017cy si\u0119 piknometr i zapisuje\u00a0wynik jako m . Nast\u0119pnie dokonuje si\u0119 oblicze\u0144 2\u00a0za pomoc\u0105 poni\u017cszych wzor\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

G\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 wyra\u017cona jest wzorem:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Porowato\u015b\u0107 ca\u0142kowita wyra\u017cona jest wzorem:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

W ten spos\u00f3b wyznaczone zosta\u0142y podstawowe\u00a0w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci ska\u0142 \u2013 g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 i porowato\u015b\u0107. Poznanie\u00a0g\u0119sto\u015bci materia\u0142u ma znaczenie przy pracach\u00a0konstrukcyjnych. Projektant musi zna\u0107 ci\u0119\u017car\u00a0elementu dla zaprojektowania konstrukcji o takiej\u00a0no\u015bno\u015bci, aby mog\u0142a ona ten element utrzyma\u0107.\u00a0Powtarzaj\u0105c badania danego materia\u0142u wyniki\u00a0tych bada\u0144 powinny by\u0107 do siebie podobne. Je\u017celi\u00a0w kolejnych badaniach wyst\u0119puj\u0105 zmiany g\u0119sto\u015bci\u00a0obj\u0119to\u015bciowej kamienia naturalnego, to mog\u0105 one\u00a0\u015bwiadczy\u0107 o zmianach w sk\u0142adzie mineralnym\u00a0dostarczonego do bada\u0144 surowca skalnego. Du\u017ca porowato\u015b\u0107 mo\u017ce te\u017c mie\u0107 wp\u0142yw na inne\u00a0w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci materia\u0142u. Nie zawsze jest to zale\u017cno\u015b\u0107\u00a0bezpo\u015brednia, ale mo\u017cna si\u0119 spodziewa\u0107 wp\u0142ywu\u00a0na nasi\u0105kliwo\u015b\u0107, mrozoodporno\u015b\u0107 i odporno\u015b\u0107\u00a0na szok termiczny. Czyli te parametry, kt\u00f3re\u00a0\u015bwiadcz\u0105 o trwa\u0142o\u015b\u0107 materia\u0142u w zmiennych\u00a0warunkach u\u017cytkowania.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o: Kurier kamieniarski<\/a><\/p>\n

Autor: Micha\u0142 Firlej\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Data: wtorek, 25 sierpnia 2015<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 i porowato\u015b\u0107 ca\u0142kowita   Badanie to wykonuje si\u0119 co 10 lat. Norma zak\u0142ada mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 badania…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":9544,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[349],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nJAK SI\u0118 BADA KAMIE\u0143? CZ\u0118\u015a\u0106 4 - G\u0118STO\u015a\u0106 I POROWATO\u015a\u0106 - Sv\u011bt Kamene<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Celkov\u00e1 hustota a p\u00f3rovitost se prov\u00e1d\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fdch 10 let. 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